Berkeley CSUA MOTD:Entry 12260
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2025/07/12 [General] UID:1000 Activity:popular
7/12    

2003/8/29-2004/2/14 [Computer/SW/Languages/C_Cplusplus] UID:12260 Activity:nil
2/13    Where can I get c macro specifications? What keywords to look in
        google?
        \_ You might also want to find a good book on the specification of
           English, so you don't have to look like an ignorant tool asking
           a simple C question.
        \_ what do you want to know?  There's the C language spec that you
           can buy from ANSI.  You can ask on the comp.lang.c FAQ.  You can
           buy K&R.  Or you can see:
           http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/COMP/info/egcs/cpp/cpp_toc.html
           \_ you can also get a cheap copy of the standard by buying the now
              out-of-print book "annotated c standard" or something like that,
              by herbert schildt. just read the left pages and ignore all the
              crap he spews on the right pages. how you find used copies of
              books is up to you.
2025/07/12 [General] UID:1000 Activity:popular
7/12    

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www.lns.cornell.edu/public/COMP/info/egcs/cpp/cpp_toc.html
The C Preprocessor - Table of Contents The C Preprocessor Last revised March 1997 for GCC version 2 Richard M Stallman The C Preprocessor The C preprocessor is a macro processor that is used automatically by the C compiler to transform your program before actual compilation. It is called a macro processor because it allows you to define macros , which are brief abbreviations for longer constructs. The C preprocessor provides four separate facilities that you can use as you see fit: Inclusion of header files. These are files of declarations that can be substituted into your program. Macro expansion. You can define macros , which are abbreviations for arbitrary fragments of C code, and then the C preprocessor will replace the macros with their definitions throughout the program. Conditional compilation. Using special preprocessing directives, you can include or exclude parts of the program according to various conditions. Line control. If you use a program to combine or rearrange source files into an intermediate file which is then compiled, you can use line control to inform the compiler of where each source line originally came from. C preprocessors vary in some details. This manual discusses the GNU C preprocessor, the C Compatible Compiler Preprocessor. The GNU C preprocessor provides a superset of the features of ANSI Standard C ANSI Standard C requires the rejection of many harmless constructs commonly used by todays C programs. Such incompatibility would be inconvenient for users, so the GNU C preprocessor is configured to accept these constructs by default. Strictly speaking, to get ANSI Standard C, you must use the options -trigraphs , -undef and -pedantic , but in practice the consequences of having strict ANSI Standard C make it undesirable to do this. See section Invoking the C Preprocessor. The C preprocessor is designed for C-like languages; C For example, the C preprocessor sometimes outputs extra white space to avoid inadvertent C token concatenation, and this may cause problems with other languages. The C Preprocessor Transformations Made Globally Preprocessing Directives Header Files Uses of Header Files The include Directive How include Works Once-Only Include Files Inheritance and Header Files Macros Simple Macros Macros with Arguments Predefined Macros Standard Predefined Macros Nonstandard Predefined Macros Stringification Concatenation Undefining Macros Redefining Macros Pitfalls and Subtleties of Macros Improperly Nested Constructs Unintended Grouping of Arithmetic Swallowing the Semicolon Duplication of Side Effects Self-Referential Macros Separate Expansion of Macro Arguments Cascaded Use of Macros Newlines in Macro Arguments Conditionals Why Conditionals are Used Syntax of Conditionals The if Directive The else Directive The elif Directive Keeping Deleted Code for Future Reference Conditionals and Macros Assertions The error and warning Directives Combining Source Files Miscellaneous Preprocessing Directives C Preprocessor Output Invoking the C Preprocessor Concept Index Index of Directives, Macros and Options This document was generated on 19 July 1998 using the texi2html translator version 151a.