en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution
This can be attributed to the ease with which it could be licensed, and the familiarity it found among the founders of many technology companies of this era.
kernel of 32V was largely rewritten by Berkeley students to include a virtual memory implementation, and a complete operating system including the new kernel, ports of the 2BSD utilities to the VAX, and the utilities from 32V was released as 3BSD at the end of 1979.
Its main changes were to improve the performance of many of the new contributions of 42BSD that had not been as heavily tuned as the 41BSD code. Prior to the release, BSD's implementation of TCP/IP had diverged considerably from BBN's official implementation. After several months of testing, DARPA determined that the 42BSD version was superior and would remain in 43BSD.
seemed promising at the time, but was abandoned by its developers shortly thereafter. Nonetheless, the 43BSD-Tahoe port (June 1988) proved valuable, as it led to a separation of machine-dependent and machine-independent code in BSD which would improve the system's future portability.
Until then, all versions of BSD incorporated proprietary AT&T Unix code and were, therefore, subject to an AT&T software license. Source code licenses had become very expensive and several outside parties had expressed interest in a separate release of the networking code, which had been developed entirely outside AT&T and would not be subject to the licensing requirement.
and, according to some, away from the BSD philosophy (as POSIX is very much based on System V, and Reno was quite bloated compared to previous releases).
Keith Bostic proposed that more non-AT&T sections of the BSD system be released under the same license as Net/1. To this end, he started a project to reimplement most of the standard Unix utilities without using the AT&T code.
Within eighteen months, all the AT&T utilities had been replaced, and it was determined that only a few AT&T files remained in the kernel. These files were removed, and the result was the June 1991 release of Networking Release 2 (Net/2), a nearly complete operating system that was freely distributable.
Comparison of BSD operating systems The lawsuit was settled in January 1994, largely in Berkeley's favor. Of the 18,000 files in the Berkeley distribution, only three had to be removed and 70 modified to show USL copyright notices. A further condition of the settlement was that USL would not file further lawsuits against users and distributors of the Berkeley-owned code in the upcoming 44BSD release. In June 1994, 44BSD was released in two forms: the freely distributable 44BSD-Lite contained no AT&T source, whereas 44BSD-Encumbered was available, as earlier releases had been, only to AT&T licensees. The final release from Berkeley was 1995's 44BSD-Lite Release 2, after which the CSRG was dissolved and development of BSD at Berkeley ceased.
In addition, the permissive nature of the BSD license has allowed many other operating systems, both free and proprietary, to incorporate BSD code.
SunOS, founding the first wave of popular Unix workstations. Today, BSD continues to serve as a technological testbed for academic organizations.
The permissive nature of the BSD license also allows derivative works of code released originally under the BSD license to become less permissive with time.
This makes BSDs not only suitable for server environments, but also for workstation ones, given the increasing availability of commercial or closed-source software for Linux only. This also allows administrators to migrate legacy commercial applications, which may have only supported commercial Unix variants, to a more modern operating system, retaining the functionality of such applications until they can be replaced by a better alternative.
edit Bibliography * Marshall K McKusick, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, John S Quartermain, The Design and Implementation of the 44BSD Operating System (Addison Wesley, 1996;
ISBN 978-0-201-54979-9) * Marshall K McKusick, George V Neville-Neil, The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Addison Wesley, August 2, 2004;
ISBN 978-0-201-06196-3) * Chris DiBona, Mark Stone, Sam Ockman, Open Source (Organization), Brian Behlendorf and J Scott Bradner, Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution.
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