en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientology
Scientology beliefs and practices L Ron Hubbard, circa 1970. Scientology's doctrines were established by Hubbard over a period of abou t 33 years, from 1952 until his death in January 1986. Most of its basic principles were set out during the 1950s and 1960s.
self-improvement techniques set out by Hubbard in his 1950 boo k, Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health. By the mid-1950s, Hub bard had relegated Dianetics to a sub-study of Scientology.
past lives and will continue to live beyond the death of the body. Rather, the tenets of Scientology are expected to be tested and seen to be true, or not, by its practitioners. Scientology claims to offer an exact methodology to help a person achieve improved spiritual and ethical education, so that he or she may achieve a greater level of spiritual awareness and effectiveness in the physica l world. Exact methods of spiritual counseling are proposed to enable th is change.
edit The structure of the mind Scientology holds that the human mind consists of two parts: the "analyti cal mind" and the "reactive mind". Hubbard described the analytical mind as the positive, rational, computing portion, while the "reactive mind" operates on responses to pain and unconsciousness stimuli. Scientologis ts believe that the reactive mind has malignant effects, causing irratio nal behavior and leading to individual degradation, as well as undermini ng efforts to create lasting, prosperous, and sane societies.
Latin audire,"to listen"), which is one-on-one communication with a Sc ientology counselor or "auditor". The auditor follows an exact sequence of instructions, set out by Hubbard, to "clear" the reactive mind.
galvanic skin response measuring device), which reportedly monitors the neural pathways and the nerves of the brain and body of the auditee as influenced by the thetan.
however, Scientology does not itself use this te rminology in discussing auditing theory or practice. The auditing process is intended to help people to unburden themselves of specific traumatic incidents, prior ethical transgressions and bad deci sions, which are said to collectively restrict the person from achieving his goals and lead to the development of a "reactive mind". The auditor asks the auditee to respond to a list of questions which are designed f or specific purposes and given to the auditee in a strictly regulated wa y Auditing requires that the auditee understand the questions, and goes more smoothly when he or she understands what is going on. As per Churc h policy, auditors are trained not to "evaluate" their auditees, ie th ey are forbidden from suggesting, degrading or invalidating the auditee' s answers. The Church has claimed that auditing can raise IQ, improve memory, allevi ate dyslexia and attention deficit problems, and lead to relaxation; how ever, no scientific studies have verified these claims. Licensed psychot herapists have alleged that the Church's auditing sessions amount to men tal health treatment without a license, but the Church vehemently disput es these allegations, claiming that it is merely conducting spiritual he aling. During the auditing process, the auditor may collect personal information from the person being audited in a manner similar to a psychotherapy se ssion. Unlike the professions of psychology and psychiatry, the Church i s under no legal obligation to uphold the privacy of any such informatio n; however, the Church maintains that its confessional records are kept confidential. In some instances, former members have claimed the Church used information obtained in auditing sessions against them, but their c omplaints are legally unenforceable.
edit The ARC Triangle Another basic tenet of Scientology is that there are three interrelated ( and intrinsically spiritual) components that make up successful "livingn ess": affinity (emotional responses), reality (an agreement on what is r eal) and communication (the exchange of ideas).
Scientologists utilize ARC as a central organizing p rinciple in their lives, primarily based upon the belief that improving one aspect of the triangle increases the level of the other two.
tone scale is a characterization of human mood and behavior by va rious positions on a scale, originally developed for auditors. Positions on the tone scale are usually designated by an emotion, but Hubbard als o describes many other things that can be indicated by the tone scale le vels, such as aspects of an individual's health, sexual behavior, surviv al potential, or ability to deal with truth. The tone scale is used by S cientologists in everyday life to evaluate people. According to Scientol ogy, the lower the person is on the tone scale, the more complex and inv olved his or her day-to-day problems tend to be, and the more care and j udgement should be exercised regarding how involved to become.
Dianetics, Hubbard proposed that the cause of "aberrations" in the human mind was the accumulated unconscious memories of traumatic incide nts and guilty feelings, some of which predated the life of the individu al remembering them. He extended this view further in Scientology, decla ring that thetans have existed for tens of trillions of years. During th at time, Hubbard explains, they have been exposed to a vast number of tr aumatic incidents, and have made a great many decisions that influence t heir present state. According to an early lecture of Hubbard's, it is bo th impossible and undesirable to recall each and every such event. As a result, Hubbard's 30-year development of Scientology focused on streamli ning of the process of addressing only key memories. According to Hubbard, some of the past traumas may have been deliberately inflicted in the form of "implants" used by extraterrestrial dictatorsh ips to brainwash and control people.
The "Hidden Truth" about the nature of the universe is taught to the most advanced Scientologists in a series of courses known as the Advanced Le vels. These are the levels above "Clear", and their contents are held in strict confidence within Scientology.
Since being entered int o evidence in several court cases beginning in the 1980s, synopses and e xcerpts of these secret teachings have appeared in numerous publications . In the OT levels, Hubbard describes a variety of traumas commonly experie nced in past lives. He explains how to reverse the effects of such traum as by "running" various Scientology processes.
Xenu, the gala ctic tyrant who first kidnapped certain individuals who were deemed "exc ess population" and loaded these individuals into space planes for trans port to the site of extermination, the planet of Teegeeack (Earth).
Scientologists argue that published accounts of the Xenu story and other colorful teachings are pulled out of context for the purpose of ridiculi ng their religion. Journalists and critics of Scientology counter that X enu is part of a much wider Scientology belief in past lives on other pl anets, some of which has been public knowledge for decades. For instance , Hubbard's 1958 book Have You Lived Before This Life documents past liv es described by individual Scientologists during auditing sessions.
walrus that perished after falling out of a flying saucer, and recalling life as "a very happy being who strayed to the pl anet Nostra 23,064,000,000 years ago". Although reliable statistics are not available, it is fair to say that mo st Scientologists are not at a sufficiently high level on "the bridge" t o learn about Xenu. Therefore, while knowledge of Xenu and Body Thetans is crucial to the highest level church teachings, it cannot be regarded as a core belief of rank and file Scientologists. On the other hand, Sci entology literature does include many references to extraterrestrial pas t lives, and internal Scientology publications are often illustrated wit h pictures of spaceships and oblique references to catastrophic events t hat happened "75 million years ago" (ie the Xenu incident).
edit Scientology and other religions Scientology teaches entry-level recruits that it is fully compatible with all existing major religions. The Church of Scientology has publicly st ated: "Scientology ...
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