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| 5/25 |
| 2005/10/26-27 [Politics/Domestic/President/Clinton, Politics/Domestic/SIG] UID:40284 Activity:nil |
10/26 Rosa Parks died on Monday:
http://tinyurl.com/8a9br
\_ apple has a nice tribute to her on their web page.
\_ http://www.apple.com/hotnews/articles/2005/10/rosaparks
\_ "What are you staring at, Mr. President?"
http://news.yahoo.com/photo/051025/480/ny13710250245 |
| 5/25 |
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| tinyurl.com/8a9br -> www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/10/24/AR2005102402053.html?nav=rss_email/components More Rosa Parks, 1913-2005 Bus Ride Shook a Nation's Conscience By Patricia Sullivan Washington Post Staff Writer Tuesday, October 25, 2005; Page A01 Rosa Parks, the dignified African American seamstress whose refusal to su rrender a bus seat to a white man launched the modern civil rights movem ent and inspired generations of activists, died last night at her home i n Detroit, the Wayne County medical examiner's office said. Rosa Lee Parks, whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man sparked the modern civil rights movement, died Monday. Rosa Lee Parks, whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man spar ked the modern civil rights movement, died Monday. Civil Rights Icon Dies at Age 92 Rosa Lee Parks, whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man spar ked the modern civil rights movement, died Monday, Oct. Civil Rights Pioneer Rosa Parks Dies at 92 Nearly 50 years ago, Rosa Parks made a simple decision that sparked a rev olution. "Rosa was a true giant of the civil rights movement," said US Rep. "There are very few people who can say their actions and conduct ch anged the face of the nation, and Rosa Parks is one of those individuals ." Parks said that she didn't fully realize what she was starting when she d ecided not to move on that Dec. It was a simple refusal, but her arrest and the resulting protests began th e complex cultural struggle to legally guarantee equal rights to America ns of all races. Within days, her arrest sparked a 380-day bus boycott, which led to a US . Supreme Court decision that desegregated her city's public transportat ion. Her arrest also triggered mass demonstrations, made the Rev. famous, and transformed schools, workplaces and housing . Hers was "an individual expression of a timeless longing for human dignit y and freedom," King said in his book "Stride Toward Freedom." "She was planted there by her personal sense of dignity and self-respect. She was anchored to that seat by the accumulated indignities of days go ne and the boundless aspirations of generations yet unborn." She was the perfect test-case plaintiff, a fact that activists realized o nly after she had been arrested. Hardworking, polite and morally upright , Parks had long seethed over the everyday indignities of segregation, f rom the menial rules of bus seating and store entrances to the mortal so cietal endorsement of lynching and imprisonment. She was an activist already, secretary of the local chapter of the NAACP. A member of the African Methodist Episcopal Church all her life, Parks admired the self-help philosophy of Booker T Washington -- to a point. But even as a child, she thought accommodating segregation was the wrong philosophy. She knew that in the previous year, two other women had bee n arrested for the same offense, but neither was deemed right to handle the role that was sure to become one of the most controversial of the ce ntury. She was the daughter of a carpenter and a teacher, was small for her age , had poor health and suffered chronic tonsillitis. Her mother taught Parks at home until she was 11, when she was enrolled i n the Industrial School for Girls in Montgomery, where her aunt lived. As an adult, she recalled watc hing her grandfather guard the front door with a shotgun as the Ku Klux Klan paraded down their road. Her younger brother, Sylvester, a decorate d war hero in World War II, returned to a South that regarded uniformed veterans of color as "uppity" and demonstrated its disdain with beatings . She married barber Raymond Parks in 1932 at her mother's house. her husband was an early defender of the Scottsboro Boys, a group of young African Americans whom rights advocate s asserted were falsely accused of raping two white women. |
| www.apple.com/hotnews/articles/2005/10/rosaparks -> www.apple.com/hotnews/articles/2005/10/rosaparks/ Where to Buy Rosa Louise Parks Even to many people who were around in those days, the era of racial segr egation seems as remote as the Civil War. You might say that back in the Fifties, American society lived at a different point in evolutionary ti me. Rosa Louise Parks Social historians point to an individual act of defiance on December 1, 1 955, as the beginning of the end of that time. What happened: In Montgomery, Alabama, a black seamstress named Rosa Park s was heading home after a long day at work. Trouble was, if there werent enough seats on the bus fo r Caucasians, African Americans were supposed to give up their seats; As it happened, the bus soon filled up and Rosa was expected to give up her seat. In shor t order, Mrs Parks was arrested, fingerprinted and fined for violating a city ordinance. That incident in Montgomery turned out to be a catalyst for change. Mrs Parkss arrest resulted in a black boycott of the citys bus linea boyc ott that ended 381 days later when the bus line caved in, on the heels o f a US Supreme Court ruling that segregation in transportation was unc onstitutional. Meanwhile, the bus boycott triggered a wave of protest and freedom marche s that captured national attention. The civil rights movement gathered m omentum, and profound changes followed; Perhaps more important, she challenged America to re-examine its values and institutionsand the country emerged that much stronger for it. National Civil Rights Museum Born Rosa Louise McCauley on February 4, 1913, in Tuskegee, Alabama, Park s was the first child of James and Leona Edwards McCauley; The family later moved to Pine Level, Alabama , where Rosa grew up attending rural schools. When Rosa completed her education at Pine Level at age 11, her mother enr olled her in Montgomery Industrial School for Girls. From there Rosa wen t on the Alabama State Teachers College High School, although her grand mothers illness and subsequent death prevented her from graduating with the rest of her class. Raymond supported Rosas desire to co mplete her formal education, and she went on to receive her high school diploma in 1934. The couple worked together in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) programs. Rosa became a se cretary and later a youth leader of the local branch of the NAACP; she w as preparing for a major youth conference at the time of her arrest. The incident in Montgomery transformed Rosa Parks into a national figure and a major role model as well. After Raymonds death, she co-founded the Rosa and R aymond Parks Institute for Self Development. She also co-authored four b ooksRosa Parks: My Story (with Jim Haskins), Quiet Strength (with G regory J Reed), Dear Mrs Parks: A Dialogue with Todays Youth (with Gregory J Reed), and I Am Rosa Parks (with Jim Haskins). Hundreds of American institutions paid tribute to this remarkable woman d uring her lifetime: Mrs Parks received a number of honorary doctoral de grees, countless plaques, awards and citations, and keys to several citi es. Among her honors were the NAACPs Springarn Medal, the UAWs Social Justice Award, the Martin Luther King Jr. Non-Violent Peace Prize, the R oger Joseph Prize from Hebrew Union College, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. |
| news.yahoo.com/photo/051025/480/ny13710250245 Multiple Photos Photo AP - Mon Oct 24,10:45 PM ET President Clinton smiles with Rosa Parks in the Oval Office Saturday, Sep t 14, 1996 after presenting her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Parks, whose refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man sparked the modern civil rights movement, died Monday Oct. |