Berkeley CSUA MOTD:Entry 39619
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2025/05/25 [General] UID:1000 Activity:popular
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2005/9/10-13 [Politics/Foreign/Europe] UID:39619 Activity:low
9/10    http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sz.html
        CIA publishes statistics on other countries. According to this
        Switzerland's "Distribution of Family Income Gini Index" is 33.1,
        which is higher than socialistic Denmark (<25), but less than
        capitalistic United States (+45), and much less than corrupted
        Brazil (61). However their poverty line is "NA." Ditto with
        Denmark and other evil socialistic countries. What does
        that mean, that they don't have any poor people? That is
        preposterous. All countries should have poor people.
           \- gini coeficient is a measure of distribution. are you interested
              in absolute numbers? you can also look at the hum dev reports
              from the undp. see e.g. http://hdr.undp.org if you are a
              serious and have a somewhat specific inquiry, you can mail me.
              i dont know much about europe but know a little bit about
              LDCs. obviously what is the poverty line in the US is
              more than a order of mag higher than two global poverty
              numbers you often see: # living on less than $1/day and
              $2/day. just like for very wealthy persons, salary doesnt
              characterize their income and wealth well, at the low end
              cash income may not characterize people's circumstances
              well, e.g. in agricultural sector, e.g. somebody who makes
              an appreciable part of their income in say goat milk.
              latin am countries are sort of the std example of high gini
              coef countries [not including african kleptocracies] . some
              studies suggest there may be a trade off between growth rate and
              gini coef ... it make make sense to trade off some more
              inequality for greater growth. BTW, there are a lot of
              statistical factors that hidden in this one number ... so
              you cant necessarily compare them easily [like can have same
              gini coef with diff shape of lorentz curve. and same underlying
              income distribution with quartile sampleing vs dectile sampling
              will give you diff values].
              \_ This is too dense. Can I just say something to the effect
                 that the lower the Gini value, the more that the country
                 cares about poor people? Most the social/comu countries have
                 low Gini whereas evil 3rd world countries like Brazil have
                 extremely high Givi values. The exception is USA, which has
                 one of the highest Gini values even though it's not a 3rd
                 world country.
                 \- "how much a country cares about poor people" cannot
                    be reasonably captured in a number. even the south
                    african state under apartheid may have spent more
                    on the per capita health of black people than per capita
                    public health expenditures in say india but india had
                    various affirmative action programs in the political
                    sphere which didnt exist in SA. you might want to look
                    at Amartya Sen: Development as Freedom. AKS has written
                    a lot more on this kind of thing but some of it is a
                    little "dense". at equal PPP would you rather live in
                    cuba or the US?
        \_ We used to, but we turned them all into soylent green for all
           the poor people in Denmark.  -John
           \- gini coeficient is a measure of distribution. are you interested
              in absolute numbers? you can also look at the hum dev reports
              from the undp. see e.g. http://hdr.undp.org if you are a
              serious and have a somewhat specific inquiry, you can mail me.
              i dont know much about europe but know a little bit about
              LDCs. obviously what is the poverty line in the US is
              more than a order of mag higher than two global poverty
              numbers you often see: # living on less than $1/day and
              $2/day. just like for very wealthy persons, salary doesnt
              characterize their income and wealth well, at the low end
              cash income may not characterize people's circumstances
              well, e.g. in agricultural sector, e.g. somebody who makes
              an appreciable part of their income in say goat milk.
              latin am countries are sort of the std example of high gini
              coef countries [not including african kleptocracies] . some
              studies suggest there may be a trade off between growth rate and
              gini coef ... it make make sense to trade off some more
              inequality for greater growth. BTW, there are a lot of
              statistical factors that hidden in this one number ... so
              you cant necessarily compare them easily [like can have same
              gini coef with diff shape of lorentz curve. and same underlying
              income distribution with quartile sampleing vs dectile sampling
              will give you diff values].
              \_ We sent all the goat milk to Denmark to let them wash down
                 the poor people soylent green.  Anyway, you want the Fazio
                 coefficient, which shows how much state cash you can move
                 to la familia and still keep your job.  -John
        \_ High Gini, no poor:                  Low Gini, some poor:
                   /                                  |
                  |                                   /
                  |                                  /
             _____/                                 /
            /                                      /
           /                                    __/
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www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/sz.html
Field Listing The Swiss Confederation was founded in 1291 as a defensive alliance among three cantons. In succeeding years, other localities joined the origina l three. The Swiss Confederation established its independence from the H oly Roman Empire in 1499. Switzerland's independence and neutrality have long been honored by the major European powers, and Switzerland was not involved in either of the two World Wars. The political and economic in tegration of Europe over the past half century, as well as Switzerland's role in many UN and international organizations, has strengthened Switz erland's ties with its neighbors. However, the country did not officiall y become a UN member until 2002. Switzerland remains active in many UN a nd international organizations, but retains a strong commitment to neutr ality. Field Listing civil law system influenced by customary law; judicial review of legislat ive acts, except with respect to federal decrees of general obligatory c haracter; Field Listing chief of state: President Samuel SCHMID (since 1 January 2005); Vice Pres ident Moritz LEUENBERGER (since 1 January 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Samuel SCHMID (since 1 January 2005); Vice President Moritz LEUENBERGER (since 1 January 2005); note - the presiden t is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in Fr ench), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) elected by the Federal Assembly u sually from among its own members for a four-year term elections: president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly f rom among the members of the Federal Council for one-year terms that run concurrently; election last held 8 December 2004 (next to be held Decem ber 2005) election results: Samuel SCHMID elected president; Field Listing bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung (in German), Assemblee Fe derale (in French), Assemblea Federale (in Italian) consists of the Coun cil of States or Standerat (in German), Conseil des Etats (in French), C onsiglio degli Stati (in Italian) (46 seats - members serve four-year te rms) and the National Council or Nationalrat (in German), Conseil Nation al (in French), Consiglio Nazionale (in Italian) (200 seats - members ar e elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) elections: Council of States - last held in most cantons 19 October 2003 (each canton determines when the next election will be held); National C ouncil - last held 19 October 2003 (next to be held October 2007) election results: Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA%; sea ts by party - CVP 15, FDP 14, SVP 8, SPS 6, other 3; Field Listing Switzerland is a peaceful, prosperous, and stable modern market economy w ith low unemployment, a highly skilled labor force, and a per capita GDP larger than that of the big Western European economies. The Swiss in re cent years have brought their economic practices largely into conformity with the EU's to enhance their international competitiveness. Switzerla nd remains a safe haven for investors, because it has maintained a degre e of bank secrecy and has kept up the franc's long-term external value. Even so, unemployment has remained at less than half the EU average. Field Listing general assessment: excellent domestic and international services domestic: extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks international: country code - 41; Field Listing the Swiss Confederation states that "every Swiss male is obligated to do military service"; every Swiss male has to serve for at least 260 days i n the armed forces; Field Listing a major international financial center vulnerable to the layering and int egration stages of money laundering; despite significant legislation and reporting requirements, secrecy rules persist and nonresidents are perm itted to conduct business through offshore entities and various intermed iaries;
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hdr.undp.org
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