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2004/10/21 [Politics/Foreign/Europe, Computer/Theory] UID:34263 Activity:very high |
10/21 What Americans truly loathe about dealing with Europeans: Alan Turing on American efforts to break Enigma: "Generally speaking, their attitude is so purely mechanical and mathematical that they often fail to see the wood for the trees and do not like to admit that experience and a knowledge of immediately prior developments, combined with a little manual work, may often produce the answer more quickly than machinery." I say, old chap, could you possibly be a bit more condescending? http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3758276.stm \_ Yes, but you wouldn't understand it. -John \_ Here's my perspective as a scientist who's dealt with western europeans: they'd rather spend a day blathering and writing on the chalkboard than an hour in the machine shop to just build the damn experiment. I'm excluding the English and the Swiss from That's because all the good scientists from here _/ have moved to the US. \_ Interesting. Why do you think that is? \_ Because govt. & corporate grant money here is about nonexistent, universities/colleges aren't as prevalent as in the US (hence fewer research jobs), US salaries are higher, innovation generally isn't as culturally ingrained, and the academic community here seems pretty small and inbred, wasting a lot of energy going at each others' throats, to name a few reasons. \_ </troll> \_ Every foreign scientists I work with is either here already or trying desperately to come here (USA). The few who were here and had to leave are miserable. They do say that Japan is not too bad. A small handful of foreign scientists have a monopoly on the research in Europe and so for those few they are better off there. \_ Uh, so you're saying that you work in the U.S., and the people you've met while working in the U.S. all work in the U.S.? wow. \_ I work in the US with many foreign scientists and agencies. Some are here for a short time only and some are in Europe and Japan. Just because I work with them doesn't mean they are in the USA. \_ Japan's great for research so long as you're completely willing to give up all rights to the fruit of your research. Cf.: http://optics.org/articles/news/10/2/1/1 \_ This link doesn't work for me. this, but in my opinion western European physicists are all talk and no action, and I would avoid working with them in the future if at all possible. \_ The ones I've met pride themselves on their theoretical work and describe Americans as merely applying the practical to the more deeply intellectual concepts they've originated. They meant it in the same way we used to talk about the Japanese when they were doing nothing but cloning American technology and making shittier cheaper versions of it. \_ WARNING! None of the above posters has a clue. \_ Said warning applies to any motd post, so it is redundant. \_ the tone is condescending, self-righteous, and feeling of superiority... ilyas, is that you? \_ No, see the above sounds like something tom would say -- insulting but uninformative. If I wanted to be condescending to people in this thread I would wonder outloud how many posters actually worked with European scientists, and whether they are aware of differences between europeans working here in the US vs europeans working in europe, etc. Actually, what they said doesn't sound wrong to me. In conclusion, you are an anonymous twit, and if you think feelings of superiority are at my personal core you REALLY REALLY don't know me. -- ilyas \_ If you don't know me by now You will never never ever know me -- h melvin and the bluetones |
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news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/3758276.stm Printable version Wartime code-breakers failed to click By Dominic Casciani BBC News at the National Archives German U-boat U-boats relied on Enigma communications Being allies in wartime is a difficult business. Just ask Defence Secreta ry Geoff Hoon who this week told MPs that Britain would have failed in i ts duty as an ally if it does not send British troops to assist American s in a dangerous part of Iraq. But documents revealed at the National Archive reveal allies often fall o ut at the most crucial of times - and in the case of wartime code-breaki ng, Britain believed it was in the right to give Washington the brush of f The UK's code breakers at Bletchley Park were instrumental to the winning of World War II. Despite a recent reinterpretation of history by Hollywood, the team, whic h included mathematical genius Dr Alan Turing, the father of computing, were crucial to breaking Nazi Germany's codes. Their biggest and most important breakthrough was cracking the Enigma mac hine, the encoding engine, which rendered communications indecipherable without access to the technology. But while the Americans made their own technical leaps forward, not least with the invention of the atom bomb, tensions mounted over what the cod e breakers were prepared to share with US colleagues. Urgent telegram By October 1941 Dr Turing's team had worked out that Enigma traffic was s plit into a number of zones and then further split depending on the type of message being sent. Adding to the challenge, completely different encryption methods were use d for messages within Germany, between the Nazi high command and between Berlin and axis partner Rome. The team at Bletchley Park desperately needed access to American advances down the road towards computing. But Washington was convinced London was withholding information that coul d prove essential to its own war effort. A BRITISH VIEW ON THE AMERICANS Dr Alan Turing I am persuaded that one cannot very well trust these people where a matte r of judgement in cryptography is concerned Dr Alan Turing In November 1941 an urgent telegram from Washington reached the attention of Sir Stewart Menzies, the chief of the secret service. Adm Leigh Noyes, head of US Navy communications claimed London had gone b ack on a deal of free exchange of information between the code-breakers. "He states they are aware that you hold certain European code books and k eys which he claims by virtual agreement should be imparted to Washingto n for their use," Sir Stewart was told. "Noyes is in a mood to withhold further information unless he receives fu ll reciprocal information on European work." In short, military co-operation in this sphere of the war was short on th e ground. It stressed it was passing all it had of use to Wa shington - but would not pass over material that was not apparently rele vant to the American cryptographers. Adm Noyes retorted only the cryptographers could be in a position to judg e what was important, and his team were making great leaps forward in me chanical answers to code-breaking. The Enigma machine The Enigma machine rendered communications indecipherable The row spilled over into 1942 with London apparently insisting it was do ing all it could. However a separate internal memo revealed Washington h ad not been told of the capture of an Enigma unit from a U-boat. In an attempt to calm the waters, Dr Turing himself was sent to the US to see what the teams could learn from each other. Despite public knowledge of the code-breakers since the 1970s, Dr Turing' s report has remained secret until now. It goes into rich detail of how the operations furiously worked to break the Nazi communications system. But amid the mass of technical data, his conclusion on American efforts w as clear - they were not up to the task. Dr Turing said: "Generally speaking, their attitude is so purely mechanic al and mathematical that they often fail to see the wood for the trees a nd do not like to admit that experience and a knowledge of immediately p rior developments, combined with a little manual work, may often produce the answer more quickly than machinery. "I am persuaded that one cannot very well trust these people where a matt er of judgement in cryptography is concerned." He asked to bring all the new American technology back to the UK, believi ng his team could make much better use of the machines. His proposal was supported and his team eventually built Colossus, one of the world's fi rst programmable machines. |
optics.org/articles/news/10/2/1/1 next article >> Court awards Nakamura $189m 3 February 2004 A judge has ordered Nichia to pay Shuji Nakamura 20b in compensation for the blue LED patents he filed while working for the company. Shuji Nakamura, the researcher credited with Nichias phenomenal success in the nitride LED and laser field, has been awarded a sum of 20 billion yen ($189 million) in compensation for patents that he filed while work ing for the Japanese company. Shuji Nakamura Nakamura, who left Nichia in 2000 to take an academic post at the Univers ity of California at Santa Barbara, was paid 20,000 yen for each of the many patents that he filed while working for Nichia. At one stage, he co ntinued his ground-breaking research in violation of written instruction s from his superiors to stop working on nitride-based devices. In September 2002, Nakamura lost his claim that he, rather than Nichia, o wned the patents. However, the court recognized that Nakamura was entitl ed to compensation based on the amount of profit generated by the intell ectual property for which he was responsible. In his ruling announced on January 30, presiding judge Ryoichi Mimura est imated that the patents in question could have generated a total of 120. The judge also ruled that Nakamuras contribution was not less than 5 0%, saying that the patents had made possible the commercialization of blue LEDs. With the total value of the transfer of patent rights from Nakamura to Ni chia valued at $604 billion yen, the judge awarded Nakamura the 20 bill ion yen that he had requested when filing the lawsuit. The judge commented that Nakamura deserved the sum because the invention was a totally rare example of a world-class invention achieved by the i nventors individual ability and unique ideas in a poor research environ ment at a small company. I am pleased that my contribution was recognized as 50%, said Shuji Nak amura. This ruling will increase the incentive for researchers to inven t, and companies will profit from it over the long run as well. However, rather than reaching for the company check-book, Nichia appealed the decision later in the day. A company spokesperson said that the un fair ruling overvalued the patent rights in dispute while failing to pro perly assess the contributions of the company and many other researchers . Nichia argued that, as of 2002, the cost of building its manufacturing in frastructure and continuing its research and development programs had ex ceeded the revenue generated from the patents by 15 billion yen. The patent ruling in the Nichia-Nakamura case came one day after anoth er judge awarded 163 million yen to a former employee of Hitachi for the transfer of patent rights in the filed of optical discs. However, since the patent in question had expired, future profits were not a factor. Comment on this article IOP Publishing Limited (IOPP) disclaims all and any liability for loss or damage arising from use of or reliance on comments which you use at you r own risk. IOPP does not guarantee or accept any responsibility for the content of posted article. |