news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3686106.stm
Printable version Introduction: Planet under pressure Planet under pressure is a six-part BBC News Online series looking at som e of the most pressing environmental issues facing the human race today. By Alex Kirby BBC News Online environment correspondent Earth from above (Image: NASA) We are a successful breed. Our advance from our hominid origins has broug ht us near-dominance of the world, and a rapidly accelerating understand ing of it. Scientists now say we are in a new stage of the Earth's history, the Anth ropocene Epoch, when we ourselves have become the globe's principal forc e But several eminent scientists are concerned that we have become too succ essful - that the unprecedented human pressure on the Earth's ecosystems threatens our future as a species. We confront problems more intractable than any previous generation, some of them at the moment apparently insoluble.
At-a-glance BBC News Online's Planet under Pressure series takes a detailed look at s ix areas where most experts agree that a crisis is brewing: Food: An estimated 1 in 6 people suffer from hunger and malnutrition wh ile attempts to grow food are damaging swathes of productive land. Water: By 2025, two thirds of the world's people are likely to be livin g in areas of acute water stress. Energy: Oil production could peak and supplies start to decline by 2010 Climate change: The world's greatest environmental challenge, according to the UK prime minister Tony Blair, with increased storms, floods, dro ught and species losses predicted. Biodiversity: Many scientists think the Earth is now entering its sixth great extinction phase. Pollution: Hazardous chemicals are now found in the bodies of all new-b orn babies, and an estimated one in four people worldwide are exposed to unhealthy concentrations of air pollutants. All six problems are linked and urgent, so a list of priorities is little help. It is pointless to preserve species and habitats, for example, if climate change will destroy them anyway, or to develop novel crops if the water they need is not there. Smog in Hong Kong Air pollution is a serious problem in the world's biggest cities And underlying all these pressures is a seventh - human population. There are already more than six billion of us, and on present trends the UN says we shall probably number about 89bn by 2050. Population growth means something else too: although the proportion of pe ople living in poverty is continuing to fall, the absolute number goes o n rising, because fecundity outstrips our efforts to improve their lives . Poverty matters because it leaves many people no choice but to exploit th e environment, and it fuels frustration. Above all, it condemns them to stunted lives and early deaths - both avoi dable. Difficult dilemmas Planet under pressure is more about questions than answers. Oil refinery in Iraq Dependence on fossil fuels is pushing up CO2 emissions How many of us can live at northern consumption levels, and what level sh ould everyone else be expected to settle for? How can we expect poor people to respect the environment when they need t o use it to survive? Are eco-friendly lives a luxury for the rich or a necessity for everyone? And how can we act when sizeable and sincere parts of society say we are already overcoming the problems, not being overwhelmed by them? For increasing numbers , the future offers living standards undreamt of even a generation ago. But we do have to think through the implications of our success and to re alise its weaknesses. Flood victims in Bangladesh Bangladesh is set to face increased flooding as climate change kicks in Living within the planet's means need not condemn us to giving up what we now assume we need for a full life, just to sharing it. The challenge we face is not about feeling guilty for our consumption or virtuous for being "green" - it is about the growing recognition that, a s the human race, we stand or fall together. Ingenuity and technology continue to offer hope of a better world. You do not need ingenuity and technology to save the roughly 30,000 under -fives who die daily from hunger or easily preventable diseases. And facing up to the planet's pressure points is about their survival, an d ours.
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